• adj. 垂直的，直立的；[解剖] 头顶的，顶点的
• n. 垂直线，垂直面

来自vertex,顶点，引申义垂直的。

vertical

vertical: [16] Latin vertex originally meant ‘whirl’ (it was derived from vertere ‘turn’, source also of English verse, version, etc, and was itself borrowed into English in the 16th century). It came to be applied metaphorically to the ‘spiral of hair on top of the head’, and was then extended further to ‘highest point’. From it was derived late Latin verticālis, which passed into English via French vertical.

It originally denoted ‘of the highest point in the sky, the zenith’, and since this is directly overhead, by the 18th century vertical had come to be used for ‘perpendicular’. Also from vertere came Latin vertīgō ‘whirling’, borrowed into English as vertigo ‘dizziness’ [16].
=> verse

vertical (adj.)

1550s, "of or at the vertex, directly overhead," from Middle French vertical (1540s), from Late Latin verticalis "overhead," from Latin vertex (genitive verticis) "highest point" (see vertex). Meaning "straight up and down" is first recorded 1704. As a noun meaning "the vertical position or line" from 1834. Related: Vertically.

1. For some buildings a vertical section is more informative than a plan.

有些建筑的立面图能比平面图提供更多的信息。

来自柯林斯例句

2. The gadget can be attached to any vertical surface.

这小玩意儿可以粘在任何垂直表面上。

来自柯林斯例句

3. The gadget can be attached to any vertical or near vertical surface.

该装置可以装在任何垂直或近似垂直的平面上。

来自柯林斯例句

4. the vertical axis of the graph

图的纵轴

来自《权威词典》

5. This illustration shows a vertical section through the locust.

本图所示为蝗虫的纵剖面.

来自《简明英汉词典》